September 3, 2025 — A major international study is challenging decades of medical practice, suggesting that beta-blockers—long prescribed after heart attacks—may not benefit many patients and could even be harmful for some women.
Findings From the REBOOT Trial
The study tracked more than 8,500 patients across Spain and Italy who had suffered heart attacks but retained normal heart function. Results showed no significant difference in survival rates, repeat heart attacks, or hospitalizations between patients who took beta-blockers and those who did not.
However, the data revealed a troubling trend among women. Those with preserved heart function who were placed on beta-blockers experienced a higher risk of death, hospitalization, or subsequent heart problems compared to women who did not take the medication.
Rethinking Cardiac Care
For decades, beta-blockers have been a standard part of post-heart attack treatment, regardless of a patient’s specific heart function. The new evidence suggests this one-size-fits-all approach may need to change. Experts emphasize that while the drug remains essential for patients with weakened heart function, its widespread use in patients with healthy heart performance may not be justified.
Implications for Guidelines
Cardiologists anticipate that these findings will influence international medical guidelines, encouraging a more personalized approach. Instead of prescribing beta-blockers universally, doctors may begin tailoring treatment plans based on individual patient profiles—particularly focusing on differences between men and women.
Quick Take
- Who it affects: Heart attack survivors with normal heart function.
- Key finding: Beta-blockers show no clear benefit in this group.
- Women at risk: Women in the study experienced worse outcomes on the drug.
- Next step: Medical guidelines may soon shift toward more personalized prescriptions.
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