Mars may look quiet on the surface, but deep within, it is telling a far more dramatic story. Using seismic data from NASA’s InSight lander, scientists have uncovered new details about the planet’s hidden structure—discoveries that challenge long-held assumptions about its geology.
A Solid Inner Core
Researchers analyzing more than a thousand marsquakes have confirmed that Mars has a solid inner core, surrounded by a liquid outer core. The inner core measures about 380 miles (613 km) across, while the liquid layer extends to nearly 1,100 miles (1,800 km). Made mostly of iron and nickel with lighter elements mixed in, this finding brings Mars closer in comparison to Earth’s layered interior.
Mantle Preserves Ancient Impacts
The data also revealed dense, lumpy regions within the mantle—massive structures that could be remnants of protoplanets or debris from colossal collisions billions of years ago. Unlike Earth, where tectonic activity recycles the crust and mantle, Mars has remained geologically stable. These anomalies act as time capsules, preserving traces of the solar system’s violent early days.
Hints of Ongoing Volcanism
While Mars is often described as a dead world, evidence suggests it may still harbor volcanic activity. Seismic signals from the Cerberus Fossae region point to hot, weak zones beneath the surface. These could be tied to a mantle plume or cracks that allow magma to rise, hinting at a planet that is not as dormant as once thought.
Why It Matters
These findings reshape our understanding of Mars:
- Its solid inner core shows Earth-like complexity.
- Its mantle blobs preserve ancient cosmic history.
- Its seismic signals may indicate the Red Planet is still geologically active.
Far from being a frozen, silent world, Mars is proving to be a dynamic planet with a layered and evolving story—one that continues to surprise scientists and deepen humanity’s curiosity about its past and future.
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